The latest ATO annual transparency report reveals one-third of large companies are paying zero tax. Alan Austin reports.
THINGS MUST BE GRIM at AGL Energy. This year’s tax transparency report released by the Australian Taxation Office (ATO) reveals AGL paid $107 million less in tax in 2018 than back in 2014.
You would deduce from this that business must be tough, profits must be down disastrously and executives and shareholders having a thin time of it. You would be wrong.
AGL paid its executives $13.4 million in 2018. This was up 28.4% on the $10.4 million in 2014. Dividends paid to shareholders were a staggering 253% higher, up from $269 million to $682 million.
Companies which paid no company tax
At least AGL did declare a profit and pay some company tax — even if it was just 1.6 cents in every dollar of its colossal revenue.
Many big corporations declared huge profits in 2017-18 but paid no tax whatsoever. These include Shell Energy ($200.5 million profit), Bluescope Steel ($60.6 million profit), Murdoch’s News Australia ($58.5 million), Food Investments Pty Ltd ($65.2 million profit), Lendlease Corp ($69.2 million), Pratt Holdings ($59.2 million) and Woodside Petroleum ($1.3 billion).
Yes, billion with a "B".
A total of 2,214 companies are listed with gross earnings shown. Of these, only 1,649 reveal their taxable income. The others either did not generate any taxable income or have not revealed it. These include some of the world’s biggest exporters of Australia’s resources — Chevron, ExxonMobil, Peabody and Santos.
Only 1,504 companies paid company tax, which means 710 or 32% didn’t.
Top companies now pay what they choose
Of course, there are sound reasons some companies make millions in profits tax-free. Zero tax does not prove malpractice in itself. But when we look at the pattern over the large corporations as a class, the conclusion is inescapable. Avoidance is rife, and getting worse. Here’s how we know.
The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) has confirmed the evidence from export values, commodity prices, dividend yields and the trade surplus that 2017-18 was a bumper year for profits. The year before was pretty good also. If we take the first year of the ATO’s transparency reports as a base, 2013-14, we can see what has happened to overall profits over that journey. See profits chart, below.
Company profits – recorded under the ABS label 'Profit before income tax, total industry' – slipped in 2015 and 2016. But the next year, 2017, delivered an impressive rise over 2014 of 13.8%. The following year, 2018, was even better with a 30% lift in profits over the 2014 level.
So naturally, we would expect company tax to have lifted in 2017 by at least 13% over the 2014 collections, and soared by 30% in 2018. It didn’t.
Actual tax paid by the top corporations
Here is where the ATO’s tax transparency data is invaluable. We can track over five years the amounts individual corporations have reported as gross revenue, taxable profits and tax paid.
A fascinating exercise would be to take all the two billion club companies and see how their tax payments have changed over the last five years. That’s 140 companies. But who has the time? No-one with a life.
Well, Independent Australia has done this, so you don’t have to. The results confirm that the current Federal Government is allowing avoidance on a massive scale. The shifts in the tax these 140 corporations have paid, relative to 2014, are depicted in the chart, below.
Instead of total company tax paid in 2017 increasing by 13% in line with profit increases that year, it actually fell by 1.1%. And in 2018, when the current global boom in commerce, trade and profits arrived in Australia with full force, instead of taxes increasing by 30%, they rose just 8.9%.
Small and medium companies
The ATO vigorously asserts its commitment to stopping tax cheats.
The Commissioner said in this year’s annual report that the ATO had
‘...delivered on our government commitments, including through our funded taskforces on corporate tax avoidance, the black economy and financial crime.’
With small and medium businesses, this is so. Overall tax collections show total corporate tax collections increasing almost commensurate with profit rises. We can verify this from the budget papers.
But not at the top end. The big corporations, those with the money for lawyers, barristers, offshore tax havens and big donations to the Liberal Party, are only paying what little tax they choose.
Quantum of tax collections foregone
Triangulating the data from the ABS and the ATO enables a rough estimate of the tax revenue the Coalition Government is not collecting.
The largest 140 corporations paid $30.4 billion in 2014. In 2018, we know profits over the economy as a whole were 30.0% higher. That means taxes, if paid at the same rate, should have been 30% higher also, at $39.52 billion.
Actual tax paid was just $33.12 billion. So that’s a shortfall of $6.4 billion in one year, just from the top 140 corporations which actually did pay tax in 2014.
We can add a similar shortfall attributable to companies with revenue below $2 billion. And then we must add the losses to Treasury – and to the people of Australia – from those which have never paid taxes and don’t intend to.
A reasonable guestimate of the total is around $38 billion each year. This is consistent with earlier calculations here at IA and informed assessments elsewhere.
The latest tax transparency report states
'there were four ministers with responsibility for matters relating to the tax and superannuation systems in 2017–18.’
They were Treasurer Scott Morrison, Minister for Revenue and Financial Services Kelly O’Dwyer, Minister for Small Business Michael McCormack and Assistant Minister to the Treasurer Michael Sukkar.
There’s your problem right there.
Alan Austin is an IA columnist and freelance journalist. You can follow Alan on Twitter @AlanAustin001.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Australia License
Support independent journalism Subscribe to IA.
