On the twentieth anniversary of the Australian Citizenship Pledge, on 31 January 2014, the Australian Republican Movement released a poll showing seven out of 10 Australians support pledging allegiance to Australia and its people rather than to the Queen. History editor Dr Glenn Davies reports.
CITIZENSHIP is for all Australians.
It is a commitment of loyalty to Australia and its people and their shared democratic beliefs, laws and rights.
It is a bond uniting our culturally diverse society.
On 26 January this year, almost 18,000 people became Australian citizens — a record number.
The final stage in the process of becoming an Australian citizen is making the Australian Citizenship Pledge. It usually happens at a ceremony when new Australian citizens make a public pledge of their commitment to Australia. All new citizens have the choice of making the pledge with or without the words 'under God'.
From this time forward, under God
I pledge my loyalty to Australia and its people,
Whose democratic beliefs I share,
whose rights and liberties I respect, and
whose laws I uphold and obey.
Australia's three most recent Labor prime ministers ‒ Paul Keating, Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard ‒ all used similar words and swore allegiance to Australia and its people when they were sworn in. However, Tony Abbott, an avowed monarchist, reverted to the previous pledge to the Queen, as had John Howard.
In late November and early December 2013, market research companies UMR and Essential Media surveyed 1,000 voters, who were told of the different pledges by Australia’s prime ministers and asked:
“Which do you prefer?”
The survey found 70% supported the pledge to Australia and its people, with only 19.5% agreeing with Prime Minister Tony Abbott’s pledge to the Queen. (10.5% were unsure.)
Professor Geoff Gallop AC, chair of the Australian Republican Movement, stated:
“The poll – and other recent UMR and Essential Media surveys which found a consistent 32% support for monarchy – confirms monarchists represent a minority and that the celebrity treatment of monarchy has failed to translate into support for the retention of the monarchy in Australia.
“The Australian people are ahead of current political leaders on this issue and this poll shows Australians are ready to pledge allegiance to an Australian republic.”
On 26 January 1949, the legal concept of Australian citizenship was created with the enactment of the Nationality and Citizenship Act 1948, which was replaced by the Australian Citizenship Act 2007. Bolstering of Australia’s citizenship program in the 1990’s occurred first with the Australian Citizenship Amendment Act 1993, which incorporated a preamble into the Nationality and Citizenship Act 1948 to recognize that citizenship is a common bond of rights and responsibilities for all Australians, and replaced the oath of allegiance with a Pledge of Commitment.
On 31 January 1994, a different pledge was introduced at Australian citizenship ceremonies that replaced the mandatory pledge of loyalty to the Queen.
On the 20th anniversary of the Australian Citizenship Pledge, Professor Gallop reflected:
“The monarchy is clearly no longer an institution that can unite Australians. It’s broken. The monarchy sits above our system of democratic government but cannot represent us, our identity or our values as a nation.”
In 2013, the Australian Republican Movement relaunched with a listening campaign across the country, asking people:
“What does it mean to be Australian?”
ARM chair Professor Gallop has elaborated on this, saying:
“The Australia we share is free, fair, multicultural – and only a republic can truly unite us around those values.”
As the year progressed, the ARM saw membership grow by 30 per cent, income double due to pledges, donations and other fundraising efforts, as well as a 300 per cent increase in online support, with republic clubs established at universities across Australia showing renewed interest from young people.
The ARM is asking Australians through its website and social media to sign up to the citizenship pledge and support a republic. It seems Australians want to pledge for Australia and not the Queen.
Only a republic can truly unite the people of Australia.
Read also: ‘Australia’s last brick of nationhood’ by managing editor David Donovan. Find our more about the Australian Republican Movement here.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Australia License
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